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2.4 First aid measures and management principles

Management of amphetamine and its complications is
essentially supportive.
The initial priority is stabilisation of the airway,
breathing and circulation. Monitoring of pulse, blood
pressure, oxygenation, core temperature and cardiac rhythm
should instituted. Supplemental oxygen should be
administered. Specific supportive care measures that may be
necessary include: maintenance of hydration, control of
seizures, relief of agitation, control of hyperthermia,
control of hypertension, management of rhabdomyolysis.

Decontamination with oral activated charcoal is appropriate
if the patient is conscious.

There are no suitable methods of enhancing elimination of
amphetamine and no specific antidotes.

3. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

3.1 Origin of the substance

Synthetic

3.2 Chemical structure

Phentermine

Chemical name:

1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenylethylamine

Other chemical names:

2-Amino-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane
2-Phenyl-tert-butylamine
alpha,alpha-Dimethyl-beta-phenylethylamine
alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethylamine
Benzeethanamine, alpha,alpha-dimethyl (9CI)
1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenyl-ethanamine

Molecular formula: C10H15N
Molecular weight: 149.2

Phentermine hydrochloride

Chemical name:

Molecular formula: C10H15N,HCl
Molecula weight: 185.7

3.3 Physical properties

3.3.1 Colour

3.3.2 State/Form

3.3.3 Description

3.4 Other characteristics

3.4.1 Shelf-life of the substance

3.4.2 Storage conditions

Store in airtight containers. Refrigeration
unnecessary.

4. USES

4.1 Indications

4.1.1 Indications

Antiobesity preparation (not diet product)
Centrally acting antiobesity product

4.1.2 Description

Indications

Appetite suppressant (anorectic) for benzphetamine,
diethypropion, phendimetrazine, phenmetrazine and
phenteramine.

Misuse:

Performance enhancement
Relief of fatigue

Abuse:

Abuse either orally or by injection is extremely
common.

(Dollery, 1991; Reynolds, 1996)

4.2 Therapeutic dosage

4.2.1 Adults

4.2.2 Children

4.3 Contraindications

Anorexia, insomnia, psychopathic personality disorders,
suicidal tendencies, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and other
disorders, hyperthyroidism, narrow angle glaucoma, diabetes
mellitis and cardiovascular diseases such as angina,
hypertension and arrythmias (Dollery, 1991; Reynolds, 1996).

Amphetamine interacts with several other drugs (see 7.6).