Sample collection
Creatinine, urea, and electrolyte measurement are important
to establish whether renal impairment or hyperkalaemia is
present. Measurements of serum creatine kinase, aspartate
transaminase and myoglobin can help to establish if there is
rhabdomyolysis, and myoglobin can be detected in urine.
Liver function tests are relevant, since hepatitis can occur.
A full blood count and coagulation studies can be helpful,
with measurement of fibrinogen and of fibrin degradation
products, in establishing a diagnosis of disseminated
intravascular coagulation.
Biomedical analysis
Temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate should be
monitored frequently. A temperature above 40°C, and marked
hypertension and tachycardia are seen in severe poisoning.
An electrocardiogram can be useful in detecting myocardial
ischaemia or arrhythmia. Electrocardiographic monitoring can
be helpful in patients with arrhythmia.
Toxicological analysis
Urine or serum analysis for amphetamine can help to confirm
exposure, but cannot be used to establish poisoning, because
of difference in individual tolerance to amphetamines.
8.6 References
